Wenzhou has jurisdiction over 4 districts (Lucheng, Longwan, Ouhai and Dongtou), 3 county-level cities ( Ruian, Yueqing and Longgang), and 5 counties (Yongjia, Pingyang, Cangnan, Wencheng and Taishun). The city has 67 sub-districts, 92 towns, 26 townships, 2951 village committees, and 715 community residents' committees (including residents' committees) in the city. The Wenzhou Municipal People’s Government is located in Lucheng District.

According to the 0.5‰ sampling survey on population changes conducted in 2023, Wenzhou’s permanent population at the end of the year stood at 9.761 million, an increase of 82,000 compared to the previous year. The annual birth rate was 5.4‰ with 52,000 births, while the annual death rate was 6.4‰ with 62,000 deaths. Consequently, the natural growth rate was -1.0‰. Additionally, the urbanization rate of the permanent population reached 74.7%, marking a 1.0 percentage point increase compared to the previous year.